mca Syllabus

Principles of Language Translation
IT 803B
Contact: 3L
Credit: 3
Allotted Hrs: 39L

Introduction [4L]: Types of translators – Preprocessor, Compiler, Interpreter, Macro processor, Assembler; Programming language concepts- their characteristics and applications. Basic concepts of Compilers- Phases of the Compiler, Cross-Compiler, Compiler- Writing tools, Bootstrapping.

Lexical Analysis [5L]: Role of Lexical Analyzer, Tokens- Specifications & Recognition, Input buffering, Design of Lexical Analyzer generator.
Syntax Analysis [8L]: Parsing techniques- Top–Down and Bottom–Up parsing; Basic concepts of Leftrecursions and Left – factoring; Formation of FIRST and FOLLOW sets and checking for the LL(1) acceptance. Basic concepts of Handles, Viable prefixes, Operator precedence parsing, LR parsers- SLR, Canonical LR(1), LALR. Error recovery strategies for different parsing techniques.
Syntax Directed Translation [5L]: Syntax Directed Translation Scheme SDTSDefinitions, Different rules for writing semantic actions and their applications; Construction of Syntax trees, Definition of Abstract Translation Scheme (ATS) and its application. Bottom-Up evaluation of inherited attributes.
Run Time Environments [4L]: Source language issues - Activation trees, Control stack, Scope of declaration, Binding of names. Storage organization -Subdivision of run-time memory, Activation records. Storage allocation strategies, Parameter passing - call by value, call by reference, copy restore, call by name. Symbol tables, Dynamic storage allocation techniques.

Intermediate Code generation [6L]: Intermediate languages, Basic statement formation, Graphical representation, Three-address code, Implementation of three address statements - Quadruples, Triples, Indirect triples. Boolean expressions, Case statements, Backpatching.

Code Optimization and Generation [7L]: Introduction, Basic blocks & flow graphs, Transformation of basic blocks, DAG representation of basic blocks, Types of optimization - Loops in flow graph, Dataflow analysis using GEN and KILL, forming the IN and OUT of basic blocks; Peephole optimization; Simple code generator; Code generation from DAGs; Allocation of Registers required for the generation.

Books:
1. Aho, Ullman – “Compiler Principles and Design” – Narosa Publication
2. Aho, Sethi, Ullman - “Compiler Principles, Techniques and Tools” - Pearson Education.
3. D. M. Dhamdhare, “Compiler Construction”, BPB Publications.